Corporate Sustainability: A Bibliometric Analysis Approach

Abstract
This article reviews the literature on articles in corporate sustainability. By reviewing the authors, citation structure, publications, and nations, this study reviews the progress of this field and summarizes the research process. This bibliographic analysis examines the literature on corporate sustainability and shows the structure of articles and research trends. The information gathered is extracted from the primary collection of the Web of Science database from 2001 up to 2022. The number of articles obtained is 2246 articles. VOSviwer software is used to perform initial analysis and citation analysis, co-citations, bibliographic coupling, co-authoring, among others. Generally, there are eight main clusters of articles on corporate sustainability: (1) corporate and entrepreneurial sustainability; (2) corporate sustainability strategies; (3) corporate sustainability measurement indicators, (4) corporate sustainability and business transformation management; (5) corporate sustainability and sustainable development goals and reports; (6) corporate sustainability and its effect on financial efficiency; (7) ethics and social responsibility and (8) theories of corporate sustainability. The research contribution is to show the evolution of this issue so that researchers can use it in their theoretical and research frameworks.
Introduction
Today, the concept of corporate sustainability has become an important and debatable topic in many industries and businesses because of increasing awareness of its benefits and positive effects on the survival of companies. To survive in a turbulent environment and a competitive market, corporate executives must not only focus on economic aspects, but also on the sustainable performance of companies (Colabi, Sharaei and Alipour, 2022:119). Because companies are the foundation of an advanced economic life and turn land resources into wealth, there is a need to review their activities with respect to the health of the land, society and individuals. Corporate sustainability refers to meeting the direct and indirect needs of a company and its stakeholders without compromising the ability to meet the future needs of stakeholders. corporate sustainability is defined as the company's voluntary activities that reflect social and environmental concerns in the business. Corporate sustainability is considered an integrated and systematic approach that leads to the optimal use of social, economic, and natural capital; Corporate sustainability also leads to value creation for the company and society, balance of financial and non-financial resources, and accountability for the company's activities through the creation of social responsibility (Ioannou and Serafeim, 2019:3). As companies influence society, the importance of corporate sustainability for businesses, consumers, and researchers is increasing. Companies are now fully aware of the competitive advantage of corporate sustainability. Thus, they focus on the role of corporate sustainability and value creation not only in making a profit, but also in all aspects of ethics and society and the environment and stakeholder issues (Galvao et al, 2019:291). Bibliometric analysis is a suitable method for reviewing scientific works and assessing the performance of authors, publications, and countries in a particular subject, which also shows how their cooperation networks work. In addition, bibliometric analysis can reveal the directions and controversial issues in a research field and make it possible to identify existing gaps in the study area (Yang et al, 2019:15). The diversity and variety of topics in a field can indicate the diversity of subjects and the multidisciplinary nature of that field of research, a diverse field encompassing a variety of subjects. As mentioned in recent decades, the concept of corporate sustainability and sustainability strategies has grown significantly and investors have recently become more aware of corporate sustainability. This research has been done with the aim of analyzing the bibliography of corporate sustainability and reviewing the authors, countries and developments in this field. Authors' co-citation analysis was also performed using maps. An analysis of the progress of corporate sustainability studies is also provided.
Methodology
Bibliometric analysis has been introduced as a scientific method for understanding the temporal evolution of a research field. Bibliometric analysis is performed because of its ability to create an intellectual structure without mental bias (Xue and Wang, 2018:479). Bibliometric technique is an interdisciplinary method that enables effective mapping of the studied subjects during the development of a research field (Khanra and Dhir, 2020:739). The present study conducts a bibliometric analysis of the studies that incorporate sustainability and is descriptive-analytic research. The study population consists of all the scientific productions incorporating sustainability scope indexed in the Web of Science database to be able to perform the bibliometric analysis; the primary database of the Web of Science (WoS) database was consulted. The following search equation was used: topic: ("corporate sustainability") or topic: ("business sustainability") or topic: ("Sustainable company") or topic: ("sustainable start-up"). The search was refined, and the most helpful article or review file types were considered. The timeframe was from 2001 to 2022. The SSCI index was used. Based on this experience, with the aid of search refine with the above equation, 2246 documents have been determined.
Discussion and Results
According to the conceptual map, eight clusters related to corporate sustainability were identified: (1) corporate and entrepreneurial sustainability; (2) corporate sustainabil-ity strategies, (3) corporate sustainability measurement indicators, (4) corporate sustainability and business transformation management, (5) corporate sustainability and sus-tainable development goals and reports; (6) corporate sustainability and its effect on financial efficiency; (7) ethics and social responsibility  and (8) theories of corporate sustainability. The results of the research and cluster analysis show that one of the most important as-pects of corporate sustainability is its relationship to entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is considered a strategy for the development of countries, creating social welfare and rec-ognizing suitable opportunities to increase production.
Conclusion
In general, studies in the field of corporate sustainability have focused on entrepreneurial and innovative activities, changing the business model and creating a sustainable business model, sustainable supply chain management, corporate sustainability strategies, corporate sustainability metrics and ethics and social responsibility. Since entrepreneurial activities and how to change the business model are very important in creating corporate sustainability, future research should develop models to facilitate the innovation mechanism in the business model to create corporate sustainability. Researchers can also change their corporate processes to achieve development goals.