Examining the Role of Social Capital Components on Explaining Organizational Pessimism

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social capital components on explaining organizational pessimism as a behavioral challenge in Payam Noor universities in Guilan province.
Methodology: The present research in terms of method; It is quantitative, with comparative logic, and in terms of purpose, it is practical and developmental. The statistical population of the research, the centers of Payam Noor University in Guilan province were selected in the number of 23 centers, the total number of human resources (academic faculty and administrative staff) is 588 people, and 220 people were selected as a sample using the cluster sampling method based on Cochran's formula. became The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire used was obtained from an exploratory study. In order to analyze the data, the mean, standard deviation method was used in the descriptive statistics section by SPSS23 statistical software, and in the inferential statistics section, the structural equation modeling method was used using Smart PLS3 statistical software.
Research findings: The research findings indicate that the structural, relational and functional factors of social capital have an effect on organizational pessimism and explain it, and among the identified factors, the greatest intensity is related to the relational component, with the impact coefficient -0.672 and the factor load is 0.840.
Conclusion: The special achievement of the present research shows the importance that by improving relations and increasing interactions among employees and professors and supporting management of such communication, the field of pessimism will be reduced to a great extent. Based on this, in terms of application, it can be claimed that by relying on the three elements of social capital, the level of organizational pessimism can be reduced in Payam Noor University, Guilan Province. Also, in terms of domestic research innovation with such a theme, it has not been seen in the country from a topical and spatial point of view.
Introduction
Considering that Payam Noor University is one of the active higher education centers in the country and provides a diverse range of services to students from various social categories, investigating negative behaviors and their consequences such as organizational pessimism and the prevalence of such malpractices , among its professors and employees, it can have long-term useful consequences for university managers and supervisors.
Also, considering the high amount of work that Payam Noor University employees do and the fact that the dominant organizational structure of Iran's government organizations is bureaucratic, there is no doubt that the issue of job burnout, one of the most important aspects of which is organizational pessimism among The employees of government organizations, especially the employees of universities and educational centers, are increasing, and if such issues and problems are not addressed, in the long term, it will lead to a decrease in the job performance of employees and a decrease in organizational productivity.
Therefore, dealing with behavioral issues with regard to the social capital component and playing its role can be very helpful. According to the explanations provided, the researchers in the current research are in line with answering this question, whether social capital can be the role of explaining behavioral dysfunctions such as organizational pessimism?
Case study
Payam Noor University of  Guilan Province
Materials and Methods
The current research follows the paradigm of positivism in terms of philosophical foundations, and its orientation is of an applied and developmental type, because it seeks to apply the findings in the same context as the statistical community under investigation, and on the other hand, it adds to the boundaries of organizational and behavioral knowledge. Also, in terms of the research approach, it is of a comparative type and it aims to test the hypotheses by using a framework and a conceptual model. Also, the nature of the current research is quantitative research and the research environment is field and the collected data were collected in the real environment. In terms of the goal, the current research aims to explain and describe the investigated phenomena, the horizon of the research is also cross-sectional. The statistical population of the research, the centers of Payam Noor University in Guilan province were selected in the number of 23 centers, the total number of human resources (academic faculty and administrative staff) is 588 people and 220 people were selected as a sample based on the Cochran formula by cluster sampling method. . The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire used was obtained from an exploratory study. In order to analyze the data, the mean, standard deviation method was used in the descriptive statistics section by SPSS 23 statistical software, and in the inferential statistics section, the structural equation modeling method was used using SmartPLS statistical software.
Discussion and Results
The research findings indicate that the structural, relational and functional factors of social capital have an effect on organizational pessimism and explain it, and among the identified factors, the greatest intensity is related to the relational component, with the impact coefficient -0.672 and the factor load is 0.840.
Conclusion
The special achievement of the present research shows the importance that by improving relations and increasing interactions among employees and professors and supporting management of such communication, the field of pessimism will be reduced to a great extent. Based on this, in terms of application, it can be claimed that by relying on the three elements of social capital, the level of organizational pessimism can be reduced in Payam Noor University, Guilan Province. Also, in terms of domestic research innovation with such a theme, it has not been seen in the country from a topical and spatial point of view.