Recognition, measurement and evaluation of factors affecting corruption in the public sector of Khuzestan province using a three-pronged model (a study among selected executive bodies)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor Department of management, Institute for Higher Education, ACECR, Khouzestan,I.R. Iran

2 Associate professor, ShahidChamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
Administrative corruption is one of the most important problems of government organizations in third world countries, which weakens or destroys many organizational achievements. The present research seeks to identify, measure and evaluate the factors affecting administrative corruption in the public sector of Khuzestan province. This research was conducted with a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population includes large government organizations and four water and sewage organizations of Khuzestan province, the General Administration of Customs of Khuzestan Province, the General Administration of Roads and Urban Development of Khuzestan Province and the Organization of Industry, Mining and Trade of Khuzestan Province. Using the snowball method, 12 experts of this The organizations were interviewed and the results were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. Then, a questionnaire was developed and after verifying the validity (form and content) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.80) it was given to 215 experts from selected government organizations, who were selected by simple random sampling in the conditions of the epidemic of covid-19. became The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOSE software using confirmatory factor analysis, one-sample t-test and Friedman test. The results showed that the indicators have a high average number of 3 and therefore, according to experts, they are important in the occurrence of administrative corruption. among the environmental factors, political and government system variable, among the organizational factors, management structure and among the individual factors, individual characteristics got the most points. Among the three-pronged model of factors affecting the occurrence of administrative corruption, Organizational factors were the most important factors in the occurrence of administrative corruption.
Introduction
Administrative corruption is one of the most important problems of government organizations in third world countries, which weakens or destroys many organizational achievements.
Case study
The present research seeks to identify, measure and evaluate the factors affecting administrative corruption in the public sector of Khuzestan province. This research was conducted with a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population includes large government organizations and four water and sewage organizations of Khuzestan province, the General Administration of Customs of Khuzestan Province, the General Administration of Roads and Urban Development of Khuzestan Province and the Organization of Industry, Mining and Trade of Khuzestan Province.
Materials and Methods
Using the snowball method, 12 experts of this The organizations were interviewed and the results were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. Then, a questionnaire was developed and after verifying the validity (form and content) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.80) it was given to 215 experts from selected government organizations, who were selected by simple random sampling in the conditions of the epidemic of covid-19. became The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOSE software using confirmatory factor analysis, one-sample t-test and Friedman test.
Discussion and Results
The results showed that the indicators have a high average number of 3 and therefore, according to experts, they are important in the occurrence of administrative corruption.
Conclusion:among the environmental factors, political and government system variable, among the organizational factors, management structure and among the individual factors, individual characteristics got the most points. Among the three-pronged model of factors affecting the occurrence of administrative corruption, Organizational factors were the most important factors in the occurrence of administrative corruption.

Keywords

References

منابع فارسی
امیری، مجتبی.، نرگسیان، عباس. و بحری رودپشتی، الناز. (1394). سنجش سلامت و فساد اداری در شهرداری تهران. فصلنامه مطالعات رفتار سازمانی، سال چهارم، شماره 40شماره پیاپی 15)، صص96-65.
زاهدی، شمس السادات.، محمدنبی، سینا. و شهبازی، مهدی. (1388). بررسی عوامل موثر بر کاهش فساد اداری(مطالعه موردی شهرداری تهران). نشریه مدیریت فرهنگ سازمانی، سال هفتم، شماره بیستم، صص55-29.
خدادادحسینی، سیدحمید. و فرهادی نژاد، محسن. (1380). فساد اداری و روش های کنترل آن. نشریه مدرس، دورن 5، شماره1، صص53-37.
زرندی، سعید، حمیدی حصاری، یاسین، معدنی، جواد. (1396). عوامل موثر بر فساد اداری در سازمان های دولتی جمهوری اسلامی ایران. فصلنامه مجلس و راهبرد، سال بیست و چهارم، شماره نود و یک، صص202-165.
زرندی، سعید. و واعظی، رضا. (1398).الگوی جامعه مبارزه با فساد اداری بر مبنای محیط بومی ایران، مجله پژوهش های مدیریت عمومی، سال دوازدهم، شماره 45، صص 108-85.
عباس زاده واقفی.، شیرین السادات، دلخواه.، جلیل، فروزنده. و دهکردی، لطف الله. (1396). شناسایی عوامل بومی بروز فساد اداری: مورد مطالعه شهرداری تهران. نشریه دانش حسابرسی، سال هفدهم، شماره68، صص40-5.
عظیمی، حسین.، عطافر، علی. و شایمی برزکی، علی. (1389). بررسی عوامل مدیریتی و سازمانی موثر بر فساد اداری- مالی در سازمان های دولتی مراکز استان های اصفهان و زنجان. اندیشه راهبردی مدیریت، سال چهارم، شماره دوم، صص147-129.
فرخ سرشت، بهزاد. (1383). بررسی عوامل موثر در بروز فساد اداری به منظور ارایه الگویی جهت کاهش اثرات آن در روند توسعه جمهوری اسلامی ایران. مجله دانش مدیریت، شماره 66، صص65-84.
طالقانی، غلامرضا.، طباطبایی، زهرا. و غفاری، علی. (1393). بررسی عوامل فردی و سازمانی موثر بر فساد اداری در شعب بانک سپه استان قم، نشریه مدیریت فرهنگ سازمانی، دوره 1، شماره2، صص253-235..
سرمد زهره.، حجازی، الهه. و عباس بازرگان. (1383). روشهای تحقق در علوم رفتاری. تهران: انتشارات آگاه.
سلیمی، غلامرضا. و پورعزت، علی اصغر. (1389). بررسی تاثیر رابطه ادراک بی عدالتی در سازمان بر گسترش میل به فساد اداری. نشریه اندیشه راهبردی مدیریت، سال چهارم، شماره اول، صص131-159.
مردعلی، محسن.، نصیری پور، امیراشکان.، مسعودی اصل، ایروان. و عابدی جعفری، حسن. (1396). مدل سنجش فساد نظام بهداشت و درمان ایران، فصلنامه حقوق پزشکی، سال یازدهم، شماره چهل و سوم، صص146-127.
References
Abbaszadeh Vaqefi, S. S., Delkhah, J., and Forouzandeh Dehkordi, L. (2017). Identifying local causes of corruption: a case study of Tehran Municipality. Journal of Auditing Knowledge, Year 17, No. 68, pp. 40-5(In Persian).  
Amiri, M., Nargesian, A.,and Bahri Rudposhti, E. (2015). Health and Corruption Assessment in Tehran Municipality. Quarterly Journal of Organizational Behavior Studies, Fourth Year, No. 40, No. 15, pp. 96-65 (In Persian).
Azimi, H., Atafar, A., and Shaimi Barzaki, A. (2010). A Study of Managerial and Organizational Factors Affecting Administrative-Financial Corruption in Government Organizations of Isfahan and Zanjan Provinces. Strategic Management Thought, Fourth Year, No. 2, pp. 147-129 (In Persian).
Budd, R. W., R. K. Thorp, L. D.,(1967). Content analysis of Communications; K. Lindkvist, "Approaches to textual analysis". Aduances in content analysis, eds: K. E. Rosengren, p.23-41.
Corrado, G., and Rossetti, F. (2017). Public Corruption: A Study across Regions in Italy. Journal of Policy Modeling, S0161-8938(18)30001-2.
Debski, J., Jetter, M. (2015). Gender and Corruption: A Reassessment. IZA Discussion Paper No. 9447,pp23-1.
de Mingo, A. C., and Cerrillo-i-Martínez, A. (2018). Improving records management to promote transparency and prevent Corruption. International Journal of Information Management 38, pp 256–261.
Dong, B., Dulleck, u., and Torgler, B. (2008). Conditional Corruption, CREMA Gellertstrasse 18 CH - 4052 Basel www.crema-research.ch, pp48-1.
Fath, S., C. and Kay, A. (2018). “If hierarchical, then corrupt”: Exploring people’s tendency to associate hierarchy with corruption in organizations.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 149, pp 145–164.
Farrokh Seresht, B. (2004). Investigating the effective factors in the incidence of corruption in order to provide a model to reduce its effects on the development process of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Management Knowledge, No. 66, pp. 65-84(In Persian).
Fredriksson, A. (2014). Bureaucracy intermediaries, corruption and red tape. Journal of Development Economics 108, pp 256–273.
Gans-Morse, J., Borges, M., Makarin, A., Mannah-Blankson, T., Nickow, A., and Zhang, D. (2018) Reducing bureaucratic corruption: Interdisciplinary perspectives on what works. World Development 105, pp 171–188.
Graneheim UH, L. B.(2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurs Edu Today, 24: 105–112.
Guerrero, M. A., and Rodr´ıguez-Oreggia, E. (2008). On the individual decisions to commit corruption: A methodological complement. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 65 , pp57–372.
Hsieh H.F., and Shanon S.E.,. (2005). Three Approaches to Content Analysis". Qualitativr Health Research, Vol.15, No.9,
Hwang, K. (1996). Administrative Corruption in the Republic of Korea. University of Southern California.
Kapeli, N., and Mohamed , N. (2015). Insight of Anti-Corruption Initiatives in Malaysia. Procedia Economics and Finance 31, pp 525 – 534, INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS CONFERENCE 2015, IABC 2015.
Kearney, R. C., & Hays, S. W. (1994). Labor-Management Relations and Participative Decision-Making: toward a New Paradigm. Public Administration Review, 54(1), 44-51.
Khan, M.M. (1999). “Political and Administrative Corruption: Concepts,Comparative Experience and Bangladesh Case”. Paper Prepared forTransparency International, Bangladesh Chapter, Dhaka.
Khodadad Hosseini, S. H., and Farhadinejad, M. (2001). Corruption and its control methods. Modares Magazine, Dorn 5, No. 1, pp. 53-37 (In Persian).
Koudelková, P., and Senichev, V. (2015). Mix research approach towards corruption - experts’ perception:challenges and limitations, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 175, pp39-47. International Conference on Strategic Innovative Marketing, IC-SIM 2014, September 1-4, 2014, Madrid, Spain.
Kondracki, N. L., Wellman N. S.(2002). Contentanalysis: Review of methods and their applications in nutrition education. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, vol 34, p. 224-230.
Kumar Jha,  C., and Sarangi,  S. (2018).  Women and corruption: What positions must they hold to make a difference?. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 151 , pp 219–233.
Mardali, M., Nasiripour, A., Masoudi Asl, Y., and Abedi Jafari, H. (2017). Model of Measuring Corruption in the Iranian Health System. Quarterly Journal of Medical Law, Eleventh Year, No. 43, pp. 146-127(In Persian).
Mayring, P.,(2000). Qualitative content analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(2).
MOCAN, N. (2008). WHAT DETERMINES CORRUPTION? INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCEFROM MICRODATA. Western Economic Association International, doi:10.1111/j.1465-7295.2007.00107.x, ISSN 1465-7295), pp18-1.
Ochrana, F., Půček, M., Plaček, and M. (2015). The Use of FMEA for the analysis of corruption: A Case Study from Bulgaria. Procedia Economics and Finance 30, pp 613 – 621, 3rd Economics & Finance Conference, Rome, Italy, April 14-17, 2015 and 4th Economics &Finance Conference, London, UK, August 25-28.
Sarmad, Z., Bazargan, A., and Hejazi, E. (2004). Methods of realization in behavioral sciences. Tehran: Agha Publications.
Salimi, G.,and Pourezat, A. A. (2010). Investigating the effect of the perception of injustice in the organization on the spread of the desire for corruption. Journal of Strategic Management Thought, Fourth Year, No. 1, pp. 131-159(In Persian).
Schultz, D., and Harutyunyan, K. (2015). Combating corruption:The development of whistleblowing laws in the United States. Europe ,and Armenia, International Comparative Jurisprudence 1, pp 87–97.
Taleghani, G., Tabatabai, Z., and Ghaffari, A. (2014). A Study of Individual and Organizational Factors Affecting Corruption in Sepah Bank Branches in Qom Province.Journal of Organizational Culture Management, Volume 1, Number 2, pp. 253-235 (In Persian).
Yanzhang.(2006), Content analsis (qualitative, thematic) in: http://www.ils.unc.
Zahedi, S. S., Mohammad Nabi, S., and Shahbazi, M. (2009). Investigating the factors affecting the reduction of corruption (Case study of Tehran Municipality). Journal of Organizational Culture Management, Year 7, Number 20, pp. 55-29 (In Persian).
Zarandi, S., Hamidi Hessari, Y., and Madani, J. (2017). Factors Affecting Corruption in Governmental Organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Parliament and Strategy, Twenty-fourth Year, No. 91, pp. 202-165 (In Persian).
Zarandi, Saeed. and Vaezi, Reza. (2018). The community model of fighting against administrative corruption based on the native environment of Iran, Public Management Researches, Year 12, Number 45, pp. 85-108.
Zhang, H., Song, Y., Tan, S., Xia, S., Zhang, H., Jiang, C., Xiong, Ding, C., Gupeng, Zhang, L., Lv, Y. (2019). Anti-corruption efforts, public perception of corruption, and government credibility in the field of real estate: An empirical analysis based on twelve provinces in China. Cities 90 , pp 64–73.
Public Management Researches
Volume 16, Issue 62 - Serial Number 62
February 2024
Pages 231-262

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics