طراحی مدل نقشه راه استراتژیک شهروند هوشمند با رویکرد داده بنیاد

Abstract
Today, innovation in information and communication technology has always been at the heart of the implementation of new cities, including smart cities. Understanding the importance of the arrival of information technology in the country and the algebraic nature of this issue has caused this issue to be considered in Iran as well, and cities should implement it as examples for the purpose of smart city, which is to facilitate human relations in the country. Although much research has been done on smart cities; But so far, the strategic roadmap for the development of smart citizens has not been designed. The ultimate goal of this study was to understand the data of the Smart Citizen Development Model Foundation in Tehran. The research data were counted during 15 semi-structured interviews with selected university experts in Tehran and then extracted in the coding process and related categories in the form of causal conditions, axial phenomena, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. A specific conceptual model was described during the selective coding stage of each model element in order to create a research theory. The results of this study can help city managers to identify policies, systems and procedures that help or hinder the creation and development of smart citizens. Also, the set of strategies that the smart citizen chooses and leads to the consequences of the smart citizen development model; Demonstrates flexibility and leadership in action.
Introduction
The third millennium AD is the millennium of urbanization and is referred to as the second wave of urbanization. The intelligence of cities or communities is a very big issue and an endless and unstable process. The smart city has no clear boundaries with the surrounding community and is in constant interaction with actors outside the smart city area (Rashki & Arab Anani, 2020; 777). Smart cities to improve urban efficiency by using data, communications and information technology to provide effective and useful services for smart citizens who have created initiatives as citizens and the creative business model to monitor and control the existing infrastructure and Encourage the private and public sectors to expand (Mohammadi & Ostovar, 2015: 17). The introduction of information technology and the concept of smart cities has become important in Iran to address the challenges created by the rapid urbanization. It is seen as a tool to improve the quality of urban life and provide more services to citizens. The concept of smart citizen has emerged as a means to build active ICT services and applications for citizens, companies, and officials. This can improve the productivity and quality of services provided by governing institutions (Rustaei et al, 2018: 198). Considering the importance and position of developing a strategic roadmap for the development of smart citizens; There is a reasonable expectation regarding the appropriateness of the scientific package (theoretical framework, model, variables, factors affecting the model, etc.) related to the development of the smart citizen, because despite the maximum need for mapping and methodical framework in the field of smart citizen, What has been enumerated in this research has been examined in less scientific documents regarding the necessary infrastructures for the development of intelligent citizens. Therefore, the purpose of this study is "designing and compiling a strategic roadmap for the development of smart citizens in Tehran" and the main question of the research is: What is the model of the strategic roadmap for the development of smart citizens?
Materials and Methods
The method of this research is qualitative and to discover the concepts and relationships in the raw data collected from interviewing experts and organizing them, a theoretical explanatory plan, analysis of the major part of this research is interpretive. The data research strategy of the foundation according to Strauss and Corbin (2008) theory has been used as a qualitative research approach. This approach has systematic procedures for theorizing about phenomena based on the inductive approach. Data foundation theory is an inductive method of theory discovery that allows the researcher to develop a theoretical report, while the general characteristics of the subject simultaneously strengthen the basis of the report in the empirical observations of the data. Theorizing is not derived from available data, but data is created or conceptualized from participants who have experienced the process. In this strategy, people in the environment are considered and their feelings are understood, so it is efficient and shows more complexity of the process. The method of collecting research data is cross-sectional. The logic of selecting sample members was based on theoretical sampling and then snowball in addition to specialized and organizational expertise, experience and professional interaction, knowledge and awareness of the subject and focus of the present study. The target population at this stage included 15 selected managers and experts and related academic experts who collected and completed data and required information through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Twenty interviews were conducted (with selected and nominated individuals); But during the interview process, the researcher was convinced that with 15 theoretical saturation interviews, the sampling process ended.
Discussion and Results
The study used Max QDA software to analyze the data set through open, axial, and selective coding steps. In the open coding stage, 338 initial codes were identified from qualitative interviews. In the axial coding stage, the codes and statistical subcategories were reduced, summarized, and deepened to establish a final understanding of the relationship between concepts and categories. Categories were compared, combined, and integrated to organize the meanings obtained from the research and create main blocks or clusters of categories. Before addressing any of the elements of the model, it should be noted that researchers have chosen the following definition as their autonomous definition for the present study: amplifies; strengthens; intensifies. The smart citizen has the ability to change the situation in this idea and can play a more prominent role in the theory of the smart city along with information and communication technology, which has been emphasized a lot, and on the other hand, these technologies are at the service of citizens. Has made the world of information facing citizens” (Hemment and Townsend, 2013: 14). Therefore, the concepts and relationships of the elements of the strategic roadmap for the development of the intelligent citizen have been designed and organized in the light of this definition.
Conclusion
The research presents a paradigm model of intelligent citizen development that includes six main sets of dimensions in the form of a conceptual model. It suggests that constructive interaction and support from city managers are necessary to create and develop intelligent citizens in Tehran. The development of information and communication technology, along with socio-economic and socio-technical growth, is crucial for the development of intelligent citizens. The research recommends designing and strengthening urban added values, adopting policies, defining intelligent citizens, and allocating resources to systematize and strengthen intelligent behaviors.