تأثیر مدیریت دانش مشتری بر عملکرد بازار: نقش میانجی قابلیت های نوآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران.

چکیده

موفقیت سازمان در بازار در نتیجه عملکرد بازار سازمان است که از طریق اهتمام سازمان­ها در جهت شناسایی مشتریان خود و به منظور خلق فعالیت­های ارزش­زا و نوآورانه قابل کسب است. در همین راستا هدف اصلی این پژوهش، گسترش دانش موجود در مورد تأثیر مدیریت دانش مشتری بر عملکرد بازار با نقش میانجی قابلیت نوآوری برای تقویت این رابطه است. این مطالعه از نظر هدف کاربردی، از نظر روش توصیفی- پیمایشی و از نظر گردآوری داده­ها، کتابخانه­ای- میدانی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 272 نفر از کارکنان شعب بانک تجارت اردبیل بود. با توجه به حجم جامعه و بر اساس تمایل به همکاری کارکنان، بدون نیاز به نمونه­گیری، تمام شماری انجام گرفت. به منظور اندازه­گیری مؤلفه‌های مدیریت دانش مشتری، از پرسشنامه­های استاندارد استفاده شد. روایی پرسشنامه­ها بر اساس روایی سازه، تشخیصی، واگرا و همگرا و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و با نرم‌افزار Smart PLS بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مدیریت دانش مشتری بر عملکرد بازار و همچنین قابلیت نوآوری تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار دارد. قابلیت نوآوری نیز دارای نقش میانجی بین مدیریت دانش مشتری و عملکرد بازار است. یافتـه­هـای ایـن پـژوهش مـی­توانـد در حرکت سازمان­ها به سمت توجه بیشتر به مدیریت دانش مشتری و قابلیت­های نوآوری مؤثر واقع گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Customer Knowledge Management on Market Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation Capabilities

نویسنده [English]

  • Naser Seifollahi
Associate Prof, Business Management Department, Social Sciences Faculty, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract
Abstract
One of the most important concepts of any organization of any size and any sector is the performance of the organization's market. Market performance is one of the important characteristics of the organization's success. Customer value has a significant impact on new service market performance. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to expand the existing knowledge about the impact of customer knowledge management on market performance with the mediating role of innovation capability to strengthen this relationship. This study is a descriptive-survey method in terms of applied purpose and a library-field in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included 272 employees of Ardabil Tejarat Bank branches. Due to the size of the community and based on the willingness of employees to cooperate, no counting was done without the need for sampling. Standard questionnaires were used to measure the components of customer knowledge management. The validity of the questionnaires was assessed based on the validity of structural, diagnostic, divergent and convergent and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Smart PLS software. The results showed that customer knowledge management has a positive and significant effect on market performance as well as innovation capability. Innovation capability also plays a mediating role between customer knowledge management and market performance. The findings of this study can be effective in moving organizations to pay more attention to customer knowledge management and innovation capabilities.
Introduction
Market performance is one of the important characteristics of organizational results, customer value has a significant impact on the performance of new services market. Evaluates the performance of the new service market, the amount of sales to existing customers, sales to new customers, and the market share of organizations, as well as the degree to which the service meets the demands or needs of customers and points to a competitive advantage.
At present, the task of banks is not limited to providing good services, but also to inform customers about the benefits of their services and create a good place for their services in the minds of their customers. Despite a lot of advertising and spending huge budgets in most banks, the desired result is not achieved, the reason for this is that the correct understanding of customer characteristics, target market and customers' views about the bank is not done. Exploration of the main demands of the customer improves and purposeful management of banking services, on the other hand, improving the management of banking services increases customer satisfaction and consequently his loyalty. One of the most important challenges that banks as commercial enterprises face is to be aware of the customer's needs and offer a new product to him before announcing his needs, customer knowledge management can be the solution to these challenges. Implementing the customer knowledge management process is effective in achieving goals such as customer satisfaction, customer retention as an asset, increasing service quality and gaining a competitive advantage.
Materials and Methods
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of customer knowledge management on market performance with the mediating role of innovation capability. The present study is considered as an applied research according to the mentioned purpose and is a descriptive-survey research based on how to collect the required data. The statistical population of this study consists of all employees of Ardabil Tejarat Bank branches, whose number was 271 people. Due to the size of the community and based on the willingness of employees to cooperate, no counting was done without the need for sampling. Out of 271 completed questionnaires, about 92%, ie 251 questionnaires were used. The required data were collected in this study using standard questionnaires. The questionnaire was organized in two parts. The first part about demographic characteristics includes questions about the general characteristics of the respondents such as education, experience, age and gender. The second part also includes specific questions about research variables.
Conclusion
It seems that one of the most important challenges that banks face is gaining knowledge of the customer's needs and offering a new product to him before announcing his needs. Knowledge management of the customer can be the solution to these challenges and affect the bank's performance. Have a direct impact. Therefore, what is learned from customers, if used effectively and with the ability to innovate, will have economic value. Understanding what customers know, their experiences with organizations and companies, their needs, how they perceive and feel about that organization and company, and the emotional and functional stimuli that drive them to Relationship building is an important but overlooked part of organizational knowledge. Therefore, examining organizational characteristics including marketing strategies affecting market performance in service organizations such as banks and financial institutions is of great importance for companies to achieve their goals. According to the findings of this study, customer knowledge management has a positive effect on market performance. In measuring market performance, in addition to financial indicators, other indicators such as customer satisfaction and loyalty are also used. Establishing a two-way relationship between the bank and customers causes customers to consider themselves as members of the bank and provide solutions and suggestions to solve problems. By taking the lead, banks can also rely on patient and patient employees to provide the necessary training to customers to help establish a positive relationship with the client and ultimately increase the performance of the collection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Customer knowledge management
  • market performance
  • innovation capability
منابع فارسی
ابراهیم­پور ازبری، مصطفی؛ نوع پسند اصیل، محمد؛ احمدی سراوانی، مهسا (1394). بررسی تأثیر انعطاف‌پذیری راهبردی بر عملکرد بازار شرکت‌ها: نقش میانجی‌گری نوآوری باز. دو فصلنامه توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی، 26، 15-5.
امین بیدختی، علی اکبر؛ کیانی فر، فرنوش (1394). بررسی رابطه مدیریت دانش با عملکرد سازمانی در شرکت های بین المللی شده ایرانی.  فصلنامه تحقیقات بازاریابی نوین، 5(16)،78-63.
بلوچی، حسین؛ ملکی مین‌باش، مرتضی؛ فیض، داود؛ حسن‌قلی پور، طهمورث (1397). بررسی تأثیر راهبردهای رقابتی، ادراک از محیط پویا و جهت‌گیری بازار بر عملکرد با تعدیلگری زیرکی بازار (موردمطالعه، صنعت لبنیات). مجله تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران، 3(49)، 486-473.
سیف‌اللهی، ناصر؛ حاضری، هاتف ؛ آسوده، علی (1398). بررسی تاثیر مدیریت دانش و نوآوری فناورانه بر خلق مزیت رقابتی (_نمونه پژوهش: شرکت‌های تولیدی پارس خزر و پارس شهاب). نشریه علمی مدیریت راهبردی دانش سازمانی، 5، 52-13.
سیف‌اللهی، ناصر. (1397). بررسی اثر ابعاد مدیریت دانش بر زنجیره ارزش در صنعت زنبورداری (مورد مطالعه: استان اردبیل). مجله تحقیقات و توسعه کشاورزی ایران، 4(2)، 804-797.
شاهی، داود؛ سیف‌الهی، ناصر ؛ باشکوه اجیرلو، محمد (1398). بررسی اثر مدیریت دانش مشتری بر عملکرد بازار در بخش خدمات با نقش واسطه‌ای قابلیت نوآوری (موردمطالعه: شعب بانک تجارت اردبیل). (پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد)، مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی.
شفیعی نیک‌آبادی، محسن؛ روحی، صدف (1398). تأثیر گرایش به یادگیری بر عملکرد توسعه محصول جدید با تأکید بر نوآوری باز (موردمطالعه: صنایع لاستیکی پارمیدا). فصلنامه توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی، 37(17)، 76-59.
صائب‌نیا، سمیه؛ شهامتی نیری، بهاره؛ محمدی، رقیه (1397). بررسی تأثیر نیروهای صنعت و جهت‌گیری بازار بر عملکرد بانک ملت شهر اردبیل. رویکردهای پژوهشی نوین در مدیریت و حسابداری، 7، 27-36.
فیض، داود؛ دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی؛ باغانی، علی؛ فارسی زاده، حسین (1395). بررسی تأثیر عوامل مدیریتی، بازارگرایی و استراتژی رقابتی بر عملکرد کسب‌وکار رستوران‌های با حق امتیاز محدود. راهبردهای بازرگانی، 8، 16-1.
فیض‌الهی، صادق؛  فاطمی، عادل؛ شیرمحمدی، علیرضا (1392). بررسی ارتباط بین جهت‌گیری بازار و مسؤولیت اجتماعی و تأثیر آن‌ها بر عملکرد سازمان. مدیریت بهره‌وری، 27(7)، 98-81.
قاسمی، محمد؛ بیگی‌راد، الهام؛ مارگیر، علی؛ شیخیانی، محسن (1396). بررسی نقش نوآوری استراتژیک و نوآوری باز بر عملکرد شرکت‌های فعال در منطقه ویژه اقتصادی بوشهر. پژوهش‌های مدیریت عمومی، 38(10)، 249-225.
ملک اخلاق، اسماعیل؛ ابراهیم پور، مصطفی؛ نوروزی رودپشتی، زهره (1395). مطالعه تأثیر بازارگرایی بر عملکرد بازار شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط با میانجیگری قابلیت‌های نوآوری. راهبردهای بازرگانی، 7، 74-57.

References

Amiri Eghtaei, Rezvan; Teymourpour, Babak. (2014). Designing a Structural Model of Customer Knowledge Management Using Interpretive Structural Modeling. Organizational Resource Management Research, 4) 3(, 22-1. (In Persian)
Belkahla, W. and Triki, A. (2011). Customer knowledge enabled innovation capability: proposing a measurement scale. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(4): 648-674.
Boniface, B.; Gyau, A. & Stringer, R. (2012). Linking price satisfaction and business performance in Malaysia's dairy industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 24(2), 288 – 304.
Chauhan, C., Akram, M., & Singh, A. (2019). Knowledge Management, Sustainable Business Performance and Empowering Leadership: A Firm-Level Approach. International Journal of Knowledge Management ,15(2):20-35.
Chen, J., Leung, W., & Evans, K. (2018). The effect of innovation capability on company performance among Korean companies. Journal of Empirical Finance, 48, 236-254.
Chin, W.W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In: V.
Chirstensen, W. J., Germain, R., & Birou, L. (2005). Build-to-order and just-in-time as predictors of applied supply chain knowledge and market performance. Journal of Operations Management, 23(5), 470-481.
Darroch, J. & McNaughton, R. (2003). Beyond market orientation- Knowledge management and the innovativeness of New Zealand firms, European Journal of Marketing, 37(3- 4): 572- 593.
Esposito Vinzi, W.W. Chin, J. Henseler, & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of partial least squares (655-690). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.
Feng T., Tian J. (2005).Customer Knowledge Management and Condition Analysis of Successful CKM Implementation. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. Guanghou, August 1821.
Garcia-Murillo, M. and Annabi, H. (2002). Customer knowledge management. Journal of the Operational Research Society ,53, 875–884.
Gebbert, H., Geib M., Kolbe, L., Brenner, W. (2012). Knowledge-enabled customer relationship management: integrating customer relationship and knowledge management concepts. Journal of knowledge management, 7(5), 107-123.
Hafeez, S. & Li Lin Hong & Bilal Bin Saeed & Bilal Afsar. (2017). Customer Knowledge Management as a Success Driver for Business in Mobile Sector of PakistanInternational Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, 7(1), 1-14. (In Persian)
Haner, U. E. (2002). Innovation quality— A conceptual framework. International Journal of Production Economics, 80, 31–37.
Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic management journal, 20(2), 195-204
Jiebing, W., Bin, G., & Yongjiang, S. (2013). Customer knowledge manangement and IT-enabled business model innovation: A conceptual frame work and a case study from China. Journal of European management, 31; 359-372.
Khodadad Hosseini, S.H., Khodami, S., & Meshbaki, A .(2015). Designing a market performance model based on dynamic marketing capabilities with an operational agility approach. Management Research in Iran, 19 (3), 106-76. (In Persian)
Kotler, P. & Keller, K. L. (2006). Marketing management. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Lawson, B., Samson, D. (2001). Developing Innovation Capability in organizations: a dynamic capability approach. International Journal of Innovation Management, 5,(3, 377-400.
Lee, R. P., Naylor, G. & Chen, Q. (2011). Linking customer resources to firm success: The role of marketing program implementation. Journal of Business Research, 64(4), 394– 400
Lopez-Nicolas, C. & Merono-Cerdan, Á. L. (2011). Strategic knowledge management, innovation and performance. International Journal of Information Management, 31(6), 502– 509.
Magnusson, P. R. (2003). Benefits of involving users in service innovation. European Journal of Innovation Management,6(4), 228- 238.
Maldonado-Guzmán, G.Garza-Reyes, J.Pinzón-Castro, S. and Kumar, V. (2019). Innovation capabilities and performance: are they truly linked in SMEs?. International Journal of Innovation Science, 11(1), 48-62
Nambisan, S. A. (2009). Virtual customer environments: Testing a model of voluntary participation in value co-creation activities. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 26 (4), 388- 406.
Naseri, Sahar.(2014). The Impact of Customer Voice Marketing on Corporate Market Performance (Senior Thesis). University of Guilan. (In Persian)
Öztayşı, B., Kutlu, A.C. (2012). Determining the Importance of Performance Measurement Crireria Based on Total Quality Management Using Fuzzy Analytical Network Process. In Practial Applications of Intelligent Systems, 391-400.
Rabiee, Ali; Mohammadian, Mahmoud; Jamili Brothers, Bita .(2015). Evaluating the effectiveness of Parsian Bank advertisements and identifying the most important factor in increasing its effectiveness in Tehran. Journal of New Marketing Research,1(2),17-40.
Ramaswami, S. N., rivastava, R. K. & Bhargava, M. (2009). Market-based capabilities and financial performance of firms: Insights into marketing’s contribution to firm value. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Sciences, 37(2), 97- 116.
Rezaei Malek., Narges., Rezaei Malik, M., Tavakoli Moghadam, Reza. (2014). Evaluation of banking services management using knowledge management and mobile banking in Bank Mellat. Journal of Marketing Management, 25,111-115. (In Persian)
Rivard, S., & Huff, S. L. (1988). Factors of success for end-user computing. Communications of the ACM, 31(5), 552-561.
Saunila, M., & Ukko, J. (2012). A Conceptual Framework for the Measurement of Innovation Capability. Baltic Journal of Management,7 (4).
Seifollahi, N. (2018). Investigating the effect of knowledge management dimensions on value chain in the beekeeping industry. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2(49), 797-804. (In Persian)
Seung Hoo Jin & Sang Ok Choi. (2019). The Effect of Innovation Capability on Business Performance: A Focus on IT and Business Service CompaniesSustainability, MDPI, Open Access Journal, 11(19), 1-15
Seyyedabbaszadeh, M. M.., Amani, J., Khezri Azar, H. & Pashoy, G (2012). Introduction to Modeling of Structural Equations with PLS and its Application to Behavioral Sciences by Introduction PLS-Graph, Visual PLS, Smart PLS Software, Urmia: Urmia University Press (In Persian).
Smith, K. G., Collins, C. J. & Clark, K. D. (2005). Existing knowledge, creation capability and the rate of new product introduction in high-technology firms. Academy Management Journal, 48(2): 346-357.
Smits, M., & Weigand, H. (2010). Identifying Market Performance Indicators that can be Influenced by Electronic Intermediaries. In ECIS.
Stahle, P., Sotarauta, M. & Poyhonen, A. (2004). Leadership of Innovative Environments and Organizations. Helsinki.
Susanty, A.Yuningsih, Y. & Anggadwita, G. (2019), "Knowledge management practices and innovation performance: A study at Indonesian Government apparatus research and training center. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 10(2), 301-318.
Taghizadeh, S.Rahman, S. and Hossain, M. (2018), Knowledge from customer, for customer or about customer: which triggers innovation capability the most?, Journal of Knowledge Management, 22(1):162-182. (In Persian)
Taherparvar, N., Esmaeilpour, R., Dostar, M. (2014). Customer knowledge management, innovation capability and business performance: A case study of the banking industry, Journal of Knowledge Management 18(3):591-610.(In Persian)
Wen, X., Zeng. J., Shahzad, K., Shafer, S. (2019). Customer-knowledge enabled innovation: An empirical assessment. Human Systems Management, 38(2), 179-196 
Xu, M. & Walton, J. (2005). Gaining customer knowledge through analytical CRM. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 105 (7): 955- 971.
Yasmeen, H., Wang, Y., Zameer, H., & Waheed, A. (2019). Service-innovation capability founded on knowledge from customers. Human Systems Management, 38(1), 29-41. (In Persian)
Zanjani, M. S., Rouzbehani, R., & Dabbagh, H. (2008). Proposing a conceptual model of customer knowledge management. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 2(2), 60-64. (In Persian)